MAC Address
Media Access Control (MAC) address is the hard-coded address on the network interface controller (NIC) of the Physical layer node attached to the network.
Each MAC address must be unique and follow this format:
- It must consist of 48 bits.
- It must be displayed by 12 hexadecimal digits (0-9, A-F).
- The first 6 hexadecimal digits in the address is a vendor code or organizationally unique identifier (OUI) assigned by the NIC manufacturer.
This is an example of a MAC address: 00:00:07:A9:B2:EB
IP Version 4 (IPv4) Address
IPv4 IP addresses are 32 bits, divided into four octets (8 bits each). An example of an IP address in dotted decimal format would be 172.16.122.204.
The minimum value (per octet) is 0 and the maximum value is 255.
IP Version 6 (IPv6) Address
Each address is 128 bits long and is represented by 32 hexadecimal digits.
IPv6 addresses consist of two parts:
1. A 64-bit network prefix
2. A 64-bit local identifier
Here is a sample IPv6 address: 2001:0BD2:0200:08F1:0000:0000:0000:16AB
As you can see, each address is broken into eight smaller groups of four hexadecimal digits that are separated by colons. In this example, the network prefix is 2001:0BD2:0200:08F1, and the local identifier is 0000:0000:0000:16AB
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